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Showing posts with label English. Show all posts
Showing posts with label English. Show all posts

Parts of Speech

 

Parts of speech



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নয়নে যা দেখি সবই হয় Noun,
Verb-এ হাঁটে, চলে, যায় দূর-bound.


Pronoun বদলে কাজ করে সবার,
Adverb বলে কত রকমের খবর।


Adjective জানায় দোষ আর গুণ,
Preposition দেয় স¤পর্কের টান।


Conjunction-এ যোগ-বিয়োগ সব হয়,
Interjection সুখ-দুঃখে কথা কয়।


"Wow! The lazy cat quickly jumped over the sleeping dog because it wanted his soft pillow for a nap."

  • Interjection: Wow!
  • Article: The
  • Adjective: Lazy, sleeping, soft
  • Noun: Cat, dog, pillow, nap
  • Verb: Jumped, wanted
  • Adverb: Quickly
  • Preposition: Over, for
  • Conjunction: Because

It’s playful and captures all eight parts of speech!



Parts of Speech Chart

Parts of Speech Chart

Part of Speech Definition Examples
Noun Names a person, place, thing, or idea. cat, city, happiness
Pronoun Replaces a noun to avoid repetition. he, she, it, they
Verb Expresses action or state of being. run, is, sing
Adjective Describes or modifies a noun or pronoun. happy, blue, tall
Adverb Describes or modifies a verb, adjective, or another adverb. quickly, very, gently
Preposition Shows the relationship between a noun (or pronoun) and other words in a sentence. on, in, at, over
Conjunction Connects words, phrases, or clauses. and, but, or, because
Interjection Expresses strong emotion or surprise, usually standing alone. Wow!, Oh!, Oops!

আরও একটি কবিতা পড়ি



নয়নে যা দেখি সবই হয় Noun,
Verb-এ হাঁটে, দৌড়ায়, ঘুরে Town.
Pronoun বদলায় Subject আর Object,
Adverb জানায়, কেমন হলো Act.

Adjective বলে, রঙ-রূপ, দোষ-গুণ,
Preposition দেয়, স্থানে স্থানে স¤পর্কের ধুন।
Conjunction দিয়ে সবকিছু যোগ হয়,
ভাষায় Interjection সুখ-দুঃখ কয়।

Determiner বলে, কতটা বা কার,
Article জানায়, পরিচিতি যে তার।
Gerund নিয়ে আসে Verb-এর রূপ Noun,
Participle হয়ে, কাজ করে Pronoun.



Question: What is parts of speech? How many kinds of parts of speech? 

Answer: Parts of Speech are categories that words are grouped into based on their function within a sentence. Each part of speech plays a distinct role in forming coherent sentences, helping to convey meaning clearly and effectively.

There are eight main kinds of parts of speech in English:

  1. Noun: Names a person, place, thing, or idea.
    Example: cat, city, happiness.

  2. Pronoun: Replaces a noun to avoid repetition.
    Example: he, she, it, they.

  3. Verb: Expresses action or state of being.
    Example: run, is, sing.

  4. Adjective: Describes or modifies a noun or pronoun.
    Example: happy, blue, tall.

  5. Adverb: Describes or modifies a verb, adjective, or another adverb.
    Example: quickly, very, gently.

  6. Preposition: Shows the relationship between a noun (or pronoun) and other words in a sentence.
    Example: on, in, at, over.

  7. Conjunction: Connects words, phrases, or clauses.
    Example: and, but, or, because.

  8. Interjection: Expresses strong emotion or surprise, usually standing alone.
    Example: Wow!, Oh!, Oops!.

These categories help structure language, making communication clear and grammatically correct.

Bangla Version

Parts of Speech বা শব্দের পদ হলো এমন কিছু শ্রেণিবিভাগ, যেগুলোর মাধ্যমে বাক্যের প্রতিটি শব্দের ব্যবহার, অর্থ এবং অবস্থান নির্ধারণ করা হয়। প্রতিটি শব্দ বাক্যে ভিন্ন ভিন্ন ভূমিকা পালন করে, যা বাক্যের অর্থ পরিষ্কারভাবে বোঝাতে সাহায্য করে।

ইংরেজিতে মোট আট ধরনের Parts of Speech রয়েছে:

  1. Noun (বিশেষ্য):
    Noun হলো এমন শব্দ যা কোনো ব্যক্তি, স্থান, বস্তু, বা ধারণার নাম বোঝায়।
    উদাহরণ: cat (বিড়াল), city (শহর), happiness (সুখ)।
    বাংলা: Noun এমন শব্দ যা কোনো ব্যক্তি (মানুষ), স্থান, জিনিস, বা ধারণা নির্দেশ করে।
    উদাহরণ: বই, ঢাকা, শান্তি

  2. Pronoun (সর্বনাম):
    Pronoun হলো এমন শব্দ যা Noun-এর পুনরাবৃত্তি এড়াতে ব্যবহৃত হয়।
    উদাহরণ: he (সে), she (সে), it (এটি), they (তারা)।
    বাংলা: Pronoun এমন শব্দ যা Noun-এর পরিবর্তে ব্যবহৃত হয়।
    উদাহরণ: আমি, তুমি, সে, তারা

  3. Verb (ক্রিয়া):
    Verb এমন শব্দ যা কাজ বা অবস্থাকে প্রকাশ করে।
    উদাহরণ: run (দৌড়ানো), is (হওয়া), sing (গান গাওয়া)।
    বাংলা: Verb হলো এমন শব্দ যা কোনো কাজ বা অবস্থা বোঝায়।
    উদাহরণ: খাওয়া, ঘুমানো, লেখা

  4. Adjective (বিশেষণ):
    Adjective এমন শব্দ যা Noun বা Pronoun সম্পর্কে অতিরিক্ত তথ্য দেয় বা তাদের বর্ণনা করে।
    উদাহরণ: happy (সুখী), blue (নীল), tall (লম্বা)।
    বাংলা: Adjective হলো এমন শব্দ যা Noun বা Pronoun-এর গুণাবলী বা বৈশিষ্ট্য নির্দেশ করে।
    উদাহরণ: লাল, মিষ্টি, উঁচু

  5. Adverb (ক্রিয়াবিশেষণ):
    Adverb এমন শব্দ যা Verb, Adjective, বা অন্য Adverb-কে বর্ণনা করে বা তাদের বিষয়ে আরও তথ্য দেয়।
    উদাহরণ: quickly (দ্রুত), very (খুব), gently (সাবধানে)।
    বাংলা: Adverb হলো এমন শব্দ যা ক্রিয়া বা বিশেষণের ধরণ বা মাত্রা নির্দেশ করে।
    উদাহরণ: ধীরে, জোরে, অত্যন্ত

  6. Preposition (অব্যয় বা অনুসর্গ):
    Preposition হলো এমন শব্দ যা Noun বা Pronoun-এর সঙ্গে বাক্যের অন্য অংশের সম্পর্ক দেখায়।
    উদাহরণ: on (উপর), in (ভেতরে), at (স্থানে), over (উপরে)।
    বাংলা: Preposition হলো এমন শব্দ যা স্থান, সময়, বা অবস্থার সম্পর্ক নির্দেশ করে।
    উদাহরণ: উপর, নিচে, ভেতরে, কাছে

  7. Conjunction (সংযোজক অব্যয়):
    Conjunction হলো এমন শব্দ যা শব্দ, বাক্যাংশ, বা বাক্যগুলোকে সংযোগ করে।
    উদাহরণ: and (এবং), but (কিন্তু), or (অথবা), because (কারণ)।
    বাংলা: Conjunction হলো এমন শব্দ যা বাক্যে দুই বা ততোধিক শব্দ, বাক্যাংশ, বা বাক্যকে যুক্ত করে।
    উদাহরণ: এবং, কিন্তু, অথবা, কারণ

  8. Interjection (আবেগসূচক অব্যয়):
    Interjection হলো এমন শব্দ যা আকস্মিক আবেগ বা অনুভূতি প্রকাশ করে।
    উদাহরণ: Wow! (বাহ!), Oh! (আহা!), Oops! (উফ!)।
    বাংলা: Interjection হলো এমন শব্দ যা হঠাৎ আবেগ, বিস্ময় বা অনুভূতি প্রকাশ করে।
    উদাহরণ: আহা!, উফ!, বাহ!, আহারে!

এই আটটি অংশ মিলে বাক্য গঠন করে এবং কথার অর্থকে পরিষ্কারভাবে বোঝাতে সাহায্য করে।


Parts of Speech Quiz Presentation




Class 9, English, Question no 4, Annual exam 2024

 4. Read the poem and give the answer following questions. 

 I wandered lonely as a cloud


That floats on high o'er vales and hills,

When all at once I saw a crowd,

A host, of golden daffodils;

Beside the lake, beneath the trees,

Fluttering and dancing in the breeze.


Continuous as the stars that shine

And twinkle on the milky way,

They stretched in never-ending line

Along the margin of a bay:

I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud"


Ten thousand saw I at a glance,

Tossing their heads in sprightly dance.

The waves beside them danced; but they

Out-did the sparkling waves in glee:

A poet could not but be gay,

In such a jocund company:

I gazed—and gazed—but little thought

What wealth the show to me had brought:


For oft, when on my couch I lie

In vacant or in pensive mood,

They flash upon that inward eye

Which is the bliss of solitude;

And then my heart with pleasure fills,

And dances with the daffodils.

A. Answer the following questions. 

1. Q: What is the simile used in the first stanza of the poem?


A: The poet compares himself to a cloud, "I wandered lonely as a cloud," suggesting a feeling of isolation or aimlessness.


2. Q: What imagery does Wordsworth use to describe the daffodils?


A: Wordsworth uses visual imagery such as "a crowd, a host, of golden daffodils," "fluttering and dancing in the breeze," and "tossing their heads in sprightly dance" to create a lively image of the flowers.



3. Q: How does the memory of the daffodils affect the poet in later moments?


A: The memory of the daffodils brings the poet happiness and peace when he is in a "vacant or pensive mood." The image of the daffodils fills his heart with pleasure and makes him feel less lonely.


Q: What is the simile used in the first stanza of the poem?


A: The poet compares himself to a cloud, "I wandered lonely as a cloud," suggesting a feeling of isolation or aimlessness.



2. Q: What imagery does Wordsworth use to describe the daffodils?


A: Wordsworth uses visual imagery such as "a crowd, a host, of golden daffodils," "fluttering and dancing in the breeze," and "tossing their heads in sprightly dance" to create a lively image of the flowers.




3. Q: How does the memory of the daffodils affect the poet in later moments?


A: The memory of the daffodils brings the poet happiness and peace when he is in a "vacant or pensive mood." The image of the daffodils fills his heart with pleasure and makes him feel less lonely.




4. Q: What is the metaphor in the last stanza, and what does it represent?


A: The metaphor "the bliss of solitude" represents the joy and inner peace that the memory of the daffodils brings to the poet when he is alone.



4. Q: What is the metaphor in the last stanza, and what does it represent?


A: The metaphor "the bliss of solitude" represents the joy and inner peace that the memory of the daffodils brings to the poet when he is alone.


B. Find out 3 metaphor and 2 simile with explanation.  

Answer: Here are 3 metaphors and 2 similes from William Wordsworth's poem "Composed Upon Westminster Bridge, September 3, 1802," along with explanations:


Metaphors:


1. "This City now doth, like a garment, wear / The beauty of the morning" (Lines 4-5)


Explanation: This metaphor compares the beauty of the morning to a garment that the city wears. It suggests that the morning’s serenity and brightness envelop the city, covering it like clothing and making it appear peaceful and beautiful.




2. "The river glideth at his own sweet will" (Line 12)


Explanation: Here, the river is personified and compared to a living being with its own will. The metaphor suggests that the river flows freely and gracefully, unaffected by anything around it, emphasizing its peaceful and natural movement.




3. "All that mighty heart is lying still" (Line 14)


Explanation: The "mighty heart" is a metaphor for the city of London. It suggests that the city, usually bustling and full of life, is temporarily at rest in the early morning, creating a sense of calmness and stillness.




Similes:


1. "This City now doth, like a garment, wear / The beauty of the morning" (Lines 4-5)


Explanation: This is a simile as well as a metaphor. The city is compared to a person wearing the morning like a garment, emphasizing how the quietness and beauty of the morning "cover" the city, transforming its usual appearance.




2. "Dull would he be of soul who could pass by / A sight so touching in its majesty" (Lines 2-3)


Explanation: While this line does not directly use the word "like" or "as," it contains an implied simile. The sight of London in the early morning is compared to something majestic, so grand that anyone who ignores it must be "dull of soul." This emphasizes the awe-inspiring beauty of the scene.



C. Read the poem again and write the main theme of the poem?


A: The theme of the poem is the healing and uplifting power of nature. Wordsworth suggests that even brief experiences in nature can provide lasting emotional and spiritual comfort.